{"id":289,"date":"2006-03-02T16:13:10","date_gmt":"2006-03-02T08:13:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/2006\/a-geisha-by-any-other-character\/"},"modified":"2018-08-21T17:23:28","modified_gmt":"2018-08-21T09:23:28","slug":"a-geisha-by-any-other-character","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/2006\/a-geisha-by-any-other-character\/","title":{"rendered":"a geisha by any other character"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This has to do with <em>Memoirs of a Geisha<\/em>. But I don&#8217;t give a hoot about what is probably a profoundly silly movie that I have no intention of paying money to see. Nor do I care about Beijing&#8217;s profoundly silly objections to it. What I&#8217;m interested here is how Chinese characters were manipulated for the name. <\/p>\n<p>In Mandarin, the word for &#8220;geisha&#8221; is <span class=\"py\">y&#236;j&#236;<\/span>, which is written &#34269;&#22931; in traditional Chinese characters and &#33402;&#22931; in &#8220;simplified&#8221; Chinese characters. The word for &#8220;memoirs&#8221; is <span class=\"py\">hu&#237;y&#236;l&#249;<\/span>, written &#22238;&#25014;&#37636; (&#22238;&#24518;&#24405; in simplified characters).<\/p>\n<p>Thus, <em>Memoirs of a Geisha<\/em> could be translated as <span class=\"py\">Y&#236;j&#236; hu&#237;y&#236;l&#249;<\/span>, which it has been <em>up to a point<\/em>. (This is something of a surprise in itself, because Western movies tend to be completely retitled in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China rather than have their titles translated into Mandarin. There&#8217;s a tedious sameness to most of these titles, which tend to imitate titles of other popular movies and throw in &#24859; (&#224;i, love) a lot.)<\/p>\n<p>As written in Chinese characters, the title in Taiwan of the movie is &#34269;&#20238;&#22238;&#25014;&#37636;, not the expected &#34269;&#22931;&#22238;&#25014;&#37636;. Note the difference in the second character: <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 2em;\">&#20238;<\/span> vs. <span style=\"font-size: 2em;\">&#22931;<\/span><\/p>\n<p>The form in the movie title has the &#8220;person&#8221; radical &#20155;, while the original form has the &#8220;woman&#8221; radical &#22899;.<\/p>\n<p>The one with the woman radical is strongly associated with prostitution. Here are a few of the many prostitution-related words that contain this character: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#23100;&#22931; <span class=\"py\">ch&#257;ngj&#236;<\/span> n. prostitute; streetwalker<\/li>\n<li>&#23100;&#22931;&#39208; <span class=\"py\">ch&#257;ngj&#236;gu&#462;n<\/span> p.w. brothel<\/li>\n<li>&#22931;&#39208; <span class=\"py\">j&#236;gu&#462;n<\/span> p.w. brothel<\/li>\n<li>&#22931;&#22899; <span class=\"py\">j&#236;n&#474;<\/span> n. prostitute<\/li>\n<li>&#22931;&#38498; <span class=\"py\">j&#236;yu&#224;n<\/span> p.w. brothel<\/li>\n<li>&#29151;&#22931; <span class=\"py\">y&#237;ngj&#236;<\/span> n. prostitutes serving military units<\/li>\n<li>&#31631;&#22931; <span class=\"py\">zh&#275;ngj&#236;<\/span> n. zither-playing courtesan<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Even a word for <em>male<\/em> prostitute takes this character: &#22931;&#30007; (<span class=\"py\">j&#236;n&#225;n<\/span>). <\/p>\n<p>Here, by way of contrast, are some of the words containing the character with the &#8220;person&#8221; radical:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&#20238;&#24039; (also &#25216;&#24039;) <span class=\"py\">j&#236;qi&#462;o<\/span> n. (1) technique; skill; craftsmanship; dexterity (2) acrobatic gymnastics<\/li>\n<li>&#25165;&#20238;&#20043;&#22763; <span class=\"py\">c&#225;ij&#236;zh&#299;sh&#236;<\/span> f.e. a person of outstanding ability in craftsmanship<\/li>\n<li>&#27468;&#33310;&#20238; <span class=\"py\">g&#275;w&#468;j&#236;<\/span> n. (1) (trad.) female dancer\/singer (2) (Jp.) Kabuki<\/li>\n<li>&#39740;&#34606;&#20238;&#20486; <span class=\"py\">gu&#464;y&#249;j&#236;li&#462;ng<\/span> id. devilish stratagem; evil tactics<\/li>\n<li>&#25925;&#25216;\/&#20238; <span class=\"py\">g&#249;j&#236;<\/span> n. old trick\/tactics<\/li>\n<li>&#25925;&#20238;&#37325;&#28436; <span class=\"py\">g&#249;j&#236;ch&#243;ngy&#462;n<\/span> f.e. play the same old tricks; be up to one&#8217;s old tricks again<\/li>\n<li>&#36068;&#20238; <span class=\"py\">ji&#224;nj&#236;<\/span> n. inferior\/lowly arts<\/li>\n<li>&#20238;&#32780;&#27490;&#27492; <span class=\"py\">j&#236;&#8217;&#233;rzh&#464;c&#464;<\/span> f.e. One&#8217;s cleverness stops here.<\/li>\n<li>&#20238;\/&#25216;&#20486; <span class=\"py\">j&#236;li&#462;ng<\/span> n. (1) trick; intrigue; maneuver (2) skill; dexterity; craft<\/li>\n<li>&#20238;&#34269; <span class=\"py\">j&#236;y&#236;<\/span> n. (1) mechanical arts (2) expert skill<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>So the switch from &#22931; to &#20238; was an attempt to soften the connotations of prostitution, changing <em>Memoirs of a Geisha<\/em> (i.e. prostitute, in common association, whether that&#8217;s just or not) to <em>Memoirs of a Skilled Performer<\/em>. It also brings to the fore the <em>phonetic<\/em> basis for Chinese characters as it is no coincidence that &#22931; and &#20238; are pronounced the same. This same phonetic basis, however, is why the revised name isn&#8217;t really different; it just <em>looks<\/em> different. All this is the written equivalent of fancy footwork. It doesn&#8217;t really change a thing. Y&#236;j&#236; is the word for geisha, so that&#8217;s what is going to come to mind, not &#8220;skillful performer&#8221; &#8212; not unless the movie-title&#8217;s usage somehow becomes widely used and longlasting. But I doubt it. <\/p>\n<p>After all, the translators could have adopted another word for geisha, <span class=\"py\">g&#275;j&#236;<\/span>, which takes both forms: &#27468;&#20238; and &#27468;&#22931;. So why not use &#27468;&#20238; and get rid of that troublesome &#22931; character without bending any usage? Because the main word for geisha is still y&#236;j&#236;, and geji is also used for prostitutes (there&#8217;s that word again) who sang and danced. And maybe some people would have been expecting a musical because of &#27468; (<span class=\"py\">g&#275;<\/span>, song).<\/p>\n<p>Although it might sound sophisticated for the translators to have played with Chinese characters this way, it&#8217;s not really all that different from naming a band <a href=\"http:\/\/www.billandted.org\/\">Wyld Stallyns<\/a> instead of Wild Stallions.<\/p>\n<p><em>Memoirs of a Wyld Stallyn<\/em>? Hmm. Now <em>that<\/em> might have potential. <\/p>\n<p>source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ipsnews.net\/news.asp?idnews=32059\">&#8216;Memoirs of a Geisha&#8217; Lost in Political Din<\/a>, IPS, February 7<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>This has to do with Memoirs of a Geisha. But I don&#8217;t give a hoot about what is probably a profoundly silly movie that I have no intention of paying money to see. Nor do I care about Beijing&#8217;s profoundly &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/2006\/a-geisha-by-any-other-character\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,12,15,6,13,32,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-289","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-china","category-chinese","category-chinese-characters","category-japan","category-kanji","category-mandarin","category-taiwan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=289"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7740,"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/289\/revisions\/7740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pinyin.info\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}